Dream Psychology- Sigmund Freud

Dreams and the Sub-Conscious Mind The definition of a ideateing is a serial of thoughts, images, and sensations occurring in a persons heed during sleep. It is believed that trances cast al focusings surviveed in gentleman society and contri ande been shargond among members of societies dating stake to 3000-4000 BC. In variant societies dreams held a number of meanings and significance.Through off history dreams have been recognized as meaningful symbolic representations or signs, standards of the future, connections amongst living and the dead, capable of diagnosing illness and predicting oncoming of diseases, temptations of the devil, and numerous otherwise possible things. Dream trans castations, or attempts made to pass out a persons dream, date back to 3000-4000 B. C. , where they were documented on clay tablets. For as long as man has been able to peach astir(predicate) dreams, humans have been fascinated with them and have strived to under live on them, t hough this is ch al unitedlyenging because dreams argon a great deal so easily forgotten.Throughout the history of the study of dreams, famous theorists have presented their proclaim dream philosophies and theories, developed eight particular categories of dream types, and presented many dreams found commonsly among people which represent common aspects of life, all of these things have been developed in trying to answer single question Do dreams reflect, or consociate to, a persons sub-conscious state of head teacher? First, the most famous of all dream theorists is a man named Sigmund Freud, who lived from 1856-1939 and is considered to be the father of psychoanalysis (Dream Moods). evolutionizes the study of dreams with his work The edition Of Dreams. Freud begins to analyze dreams in order to understand aspects of individualisedity as they relate to pathology, or the science of causes and effects of diseases. He believes that nothing unity does occurs by chance every action and thought is motivated by the unconscious read/write head mindat some level. Inorder to live in a civilized society, humans have a tendency to holdbackurges and repress impulses. However, these urges and impulses moldiness be released in some way they have a way of coming to the surface in ambiguous forms. aver too Memory ForgettingFreud believes that nonp aril way these urges and impulses ar released is through dreams. Because the subject field of the unconscious whitethorn be extremely disturbing or harmful, Freud believes that the unconscious expresses itself in a symbolical language. To explain this symbolic language, Freud categorizes aspects of the mind into terce parts. These parts include the Id, the Ego, and the Superego. Id, which is centered around primal impulses, pleasures, desires, unchecked urges and invite fulfillment.Ego, which is c erstwhilerned with the conscious, the rational, the moral and the self-awargon aspect of the mind. Superego, whi ch is considered to be the sort of ostracise for the id, which is alikely responsible for enforcing the moral codes of the ego. When iodine is awake, the impulses and desires of the id are check by the superego. Through dreams, unmatched is able to get a glimpse into the unconscious, or the id. Because wizs guards are down during the dream state, the unconscious has the prospect to act out and express the hidden desires of the id.However, the desires of the id can, at scathe, can be so disturbing and hitherto mentally harmful that a cast out comes into play andtranslates the ids disturbing meat into a much than acceptable symbolic form. This helps to preserve sleep and prevent unmatchable from vigilant up take aback at the images. As a result, confusing and a great deal qabalistic dream images occur. According to Freud, the reason wizard struggles to remember their dreams, is because the superego is at work. It is doing its job by protecting the conscious mind from the disturbing images and desires conjured by the unconscious.According to Freud, dreams always have what he called a perspicuous and potential content (qtd. in moods). The clear content is what the dream seems to be saying. It is often bizarre and seemingly nonsense. On the contrary, the latent content is what the dream is really trying to say. Dreams give unitary a look into the unconscious. Freud believes that it is possible to chip through the dreams manifest content to reveal the underlying significance and its latent by utilizing the technique of unfreeze association.Using this technique, genius must start with integrity dream symbol and then follow with what automatically comes to the mind first. One must come up in this manner and basically see where it leads. In order to interpret the cryptic images of dreams, Freud divided the images into five study categories, or processes. The first organism displacement which occurs when the desire for wholeness thing o r person is symbolized by something or some iodin else. The second, projection which happens when the idealist propels their own desires and wants onto another person.The trey being symbolization which is characterized when the dreamers repressed urges or suppressed desires are acted out metaphorically. Fourth, condensation which is the process in which the dreamer hides their feelings or urges by espial it or underplaying it into a brief dream image or event. then the meaning of this dream imagery whitethorn not be ostensible or obvious. Lastly, rationalization which is regarded as the final stage of dreamwork. The dreaming mind organizes an incoherent dream into one that is far more understandable and logical.This is also known as secondary revision. Essentially this is Freuds basic history of what dreams are and how one is to interpret them. Freuds dream psychology is severely based on psychoanalysis and is centered on the fact that dreams do in fact reflect the sub-consci ous mind of the dreamer. Another dream theorist, who lived during the time of Freud, Alfred Adler (1870-1937), believed the importance of dreams to be a bantam disaccordent than Freuds whimseys. Essentially, Adler believed that dreams are an classical tool to mastering control all over waking lives.They are problem-solving devices. Dreams need to be brought to the conscious and interpreted so that better concord can be shed on ones problems. Adler believes it is important to learn from dreams and incorporate them into waking life. Adler believes that there is a correlation between dreams and the problems in daily life. The more dreams one has, the more problems one is credibly to have. Adler believes that dreams are an open pathway toward ones true thoughts, emotions and actions. In dreams, one clearly sees ones aggressive impulses and desires.Dreams are also a way of overcompensating for the shortcomings in waking life. For example, if one is unable to stand up to a boss in waking life, then one may find it easier to lash out at the boss at heart the comfort and safety of a dream. Dreams offer some sort of rapture that is more socially acceptable. So, though Adler does not entirely agree with Freuds views of the subconscious controlling the dream, he does in fact believe that ones subconscious desires and drive are released through a dream.A third dream theorist, Carl Jung, who was considered to be a mentor of Freuds also believed in the existence of the unconscious. However, he did not see the unconscious as animalistic, instinctual, orsexual he saw it as morespiritual. Eventually, Jung split with Freud collectable to their differing views on dreams. According to Jung, dreams are a way of communicating and acquainting oneself with the unconscious. Dreams are not attempts to conceal ones true feelings from the waking mind, yet rather they are a window to the unconscious.They serve to guide the waking self to achieve wholeness and offer a solution t o a problem one is facing in waking life. Jung views the ego as ones sense of self and how one portrays oneself to the world. Part of Jungs system is that all things can be viewed as paired opposites good/evil, priapic/female, or love/hate. So working in opposition to the ego, is the counterego or what he refers to as the shadow. The shadow represents the rejected aspects of oneself that one does not propensity to acknowledge. The shadow is more primitive, somewhat uncultured, and a little awkward.As dreams are a way of communicating with the unconscious, Jung believed that dream images reveal something about oneself, ones relationships with others, and situations in ones waking life. Dreams guide ones rolel growth andhelp in achieving full potential. Jung also believes that the dreams manifest content is just as significantand bring out as thelatent content. By simply discussing what is currently going on in ones life, it can help one interpret and unlock the cryptic images of onesdreams. Jungs method of dream interpretation is placed more confidently on the dreamer.He believes that all dreamers suffer the necessary tools to interpret their own dreams. The meaning of ones dreams is a personal judgment and is up to the dreamer on how to interpret them. Jung noted plastered dream symbols that cause the same universal meaning for all men and women. He terms this phenomenon the collective unconscious. While dreams are personal, ones personal experiences often touch on universal themes and symbols. These symbols are believed to occur in every culture throughout history. Jung identifies seven such symbols in what is referred to as the major(ip) archetypal characters 1.The Persona is the image one presents to the world inwaking life. It is similar to a public mask. In the dream world, the persona is represented by the Self. 2. The Shadow is the rejected and repressed aspects of oneself. It is the part of oneself that one does not want the world to see becaus e it is ugly or unappealing. It symbolizes weakness, fear, or anger. In dreams, this figure is represented by a stalker, murderer, a bully, or pursuer. It can be a frightening figure or even a close friend or relative. Their placeance often makes one angry or leaves one scared.They force one to confront things that one doesnt want to see or hear. 3. The Anima / Animus is the female and male aspects of oneself. Everyone possess twain feminine and male qualities. In dreams, the anima appears as a passing feminized figure, while the animus appears as a hyper masculine form. These dream imageries appear depending on how well one is able to integrate the feminine and masculine qualities within oneself. They serve as a reminder that one must learn to acknowledge or express a masculine (be more assertive) or feminine side (be more stirred). . The Divine Child is ones true self in its purest form. It not nevertheless symbolizes innocence, vulnerability, and helplessness, but it repres ents ones aspirations and full potential. One is open to all possibilities. In the dreamscape, this figure is represented by a baby or two-year-old child. 5. The Wise Old Man /Woman is the helper in dreams. delineate by a teacher, father, doctor, priest or some other unfathomed authority figure, they serve to offer guidance and words of wisdom. They appear in the dream to spark advance and guide the dreamer into the right direction. 6.The Great contract is the nurturer. The Great Mother appears in dreams as ones own mother, grandmother, or other nurturing figure. She provides one with positive reassurance. Negatively, they may be d epic poemted as a witch or old bag lady in which end they can be associated with seduction, dominance and death. This juxtaposition is rooted in the belief by some experts that the real mother who is the giver of life is also at the same time jealous of ones growth away from her. 7. The Trickster, as the name implies, plays jokes to keep one from tak ing oneself too seriously.The cheat may appear in ones dream when one has overreached or misjudged a situation. Or he could find himself in the dream when one is uncertain about a decision or about where to go in life. The trickster often makes one feel uncomfortable or embarrassed, sometimes handle or exposingone to personal vulnerabilities. He may take on subtle forms, sometimes even changing its shape. Overall, Jund seemed to be influenced by both Freud and Adler in his belief of the dream yet he presented common dreams symbols which go on explained the manifestation of ones sub-conscious mind within the dream.Next, research and records of dreams set ahead progressed it was discovered that there are essentially eight major categories which all dreams fall into. These categories being daydreams, lucid dreams, nightmares, recurring dreams, healing dreams, signal dreams, and epic dreams. Daydreams are often viewed as light-hearted in nature. They are silly fantasies and nostalgi c thinking. Actually, even worrying over things can be classified as a form of daydreaming. When one worries, one is visualizing an unwanted or banish outcome to a situation.By repeating these negative images in ones mind, one is more likely to make them happen. Daydreaming is believed to occur when one is only semi-awake and it is essentially running away with ones imagination, or the take over ones thoughts by wandering sub-conscious mind. Next is the ordered dream. Lucid dreams give the ability to control ones own dreams and steer them toward the direction the dreamer wants. In the lucid state, one is more instinctive to confront threats and as a result, become more self confident.When one achieves lucidity, one can use it as a tool to modify ones sports game, to rehearse for a speech, to fulfill your fantasies, or to put to work a problem in your waking life. Though lucid dreams often give one the power to face the things in the forefronts of ones mind, it is believed that the unconscious is what triggers a lucid dream and encourages one to assume this power. Third, is nightmares which are a subcategory of dreams. The distinction of a nightmare is its frightening and/or emotional content. One tends to wake up in fear in the midst of a nightmare.Because of its frightening nature, one is more likely to remember nightmares and the lifelike details. Nightmares are almost always believed to be caused by the sub-conscious mind as it the sub-conscious way to get your attention about a situation or problem that one has been avoiding, warning of a health issue, or nightmares may stem from a deeper level indicating that something is troubling you from within your subconscious. Next, is recurring dreams, which are preferably common and are often triggered by a certain life situation, transitional phase in life or a problem that keeps coming back again and again.These dreams may recur daily, once a week, or once a month. Whatever the frequency, there is little variation in the dream content itself. Such dreams are often a message from the subconscious highlighting a personal weakness, fear, or inability to cope with something in ones life. Fourth, is Healing dreams are often dreams which tell the dreamer that he or she needs to go to the dentist or doctor. These dreams are often communication between mind and body that something is not quite right. Prophetic dreams, also referred to as second-sighted or psychic dreams, are dreams that seemingly foretell the future.One rational conjecture to explain this phenomenon is that ones dreaming mind is able to part together bits of information and observation that one may normally exclude or that one does not seriously consider. In other words, ones sub-conscious mind knows what is coming before one consciously pieces together the same information. Signal dreams, are similar to healing dreams, in that they are essentially a warning. Signal dreams are considered to be a sub-conscious warning or problem solving method to help the dreamer deal with situations in life.Lastly, Epic dreams are so huge, so compelling, and so in writing(p) that one cannot ignore them. The details of such dreams often remain with one for years. These dreams possess much beauty and contain many archetypal symbology. When one wakes up from such a dream, one feels that they have discovered something darksome or amazing about oneself or about the world. These dreams are also often future telling or even present revealing messages from the subconscious mind. Overall, each of these categories or types of dreams are the development which has resulted from the theories of the above dream theorists.Each type of dream is related to an archetype or belief of one, two, or even all three of the above theorists which reveals the large influence of the subconscious mind on dreams. Overall, it can be concluded that dreams are quite often reflecting of, or related to, the subconscious mind of the dreamer. Thi s can be seen in all three of the major theories presented and through the eight major types of dreams which have been determined through said theories. For example, In Freuds theory, he states his belief that dreams are the subconscious minds release of suppressed desires and ambitions of the dreamer.Freud believes these suppressed desires must be released, so the mind releases them in the form of a dream, which can often be incredibly disturbing. That is, until the subconscious mind intervenes, turning these disturbing dreams into cryptic and symbolic images which can really only be understood through psychoanalysis of the mind of the dreamer. Adlers theory, similar to Freudian theory, but not entirely the same claims that dreams are essentially problem solving devices. Adler believes that through dreams the subconscious mind of the dreamer brings ship waking life desires the dreamer may not even realizes exist yet.Adler states that the dream is used to make the conscious mind aw are of what to do in waking life as it presents lessons to be learned from. Freud and Adler differ in that Freud believes the dream comes from the conscious mind and is edited and controlled by the subconscious, whereas Adler believes the dream comes from the subconscious and is to teach the conscious, and make it more aware. Lastly is Jung who believes all dreams cope in a number of specific archetypes and are a way of communicating and acquainting oneself with the subconscious.Jungs theory differs the greatest from Freudian theory and Adlers theory as Jung believes the conscious and subconscious mind come together in a dream, and work together to create images which express the psychological state, and views of the dreamer. Overall, each of these three theorists and the eight categories of dreams which resulted from their studies have revealed that the subconscious mind of the dreamer has great influence on dreams and that the subconscious, no matter what the dream, plays a major role in some aspect of the creation or impersonation of the dream.